Using a rating scale, Tekinarslan (2008) measured computer anxiety among university students who use the computer very often, often, sometimes, and seldom. Below are the results of the one-way ANOVA. Source of Variation SS df MS F Between groups 1,959.79 3 653.26 21.16* Within groups (error) 3,148.61 102 30.86 Total 5,108.41 105 (a) What are the values for N and k

k = 4 ; N = 106

Step-by-step explanation:

Given the result of the one way ANOVA :

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SS - - - - df - - MS - - - - - F

Between groups - 1,959.79 - 3 - - 653.26 - 21.16*

Error - - - - - - - - - - 3,148.61 - -102 --30.86

Total - - - - - - - - - - 5,108.41 - 105

To obtain the value of 'k' which is the number of groups observed :

The degree of freedom between groups or degree of freedom of treatment (DFT) is obtained by the formula:

Number of observed groups(k) - 1

DFT = k - 1

From the ANOVA result ; degree of freedom between groups = 3

Hence,

3 = k - 1

k = 3 +1 = 4

Hence, number of observed groups = 4

To obtain N;

N is related to k and the degree of freedom Error (DFE)

DFE = N - k

From the ANOVA result, DFE = 102 and k = 4

102 = N - 4

102 + 4 = N

N = 106