Step-by-step explanation:
The first step in solving an equation is to look at it. Identify where the variable is that you're interested in, and see what operations are being performed on that variable.
Here, the variable w has 1 added to it, and the sum is multiplied by -4. The variable is only on the left side of the equation, and is inside parentheses. Inside parentheses, the coefficient of the variable is 1.
These observations tell you that, in some order, you will need to undo the operations of multiplication and addition, and you will have to eliminate parentheses.
You also observe that the multiplication factor of the parentheses (-4) is a factor of the constant on the right side of the equation (-24). This means you have a couple of options for solving this equation:
eliminate parentheses first, using the distributive propertydivide by -4 first, to undo the multiplication
The second method is actually faster. We'll illustrate that one first.
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Divide both sides of the equation by -4 to undo the multiplication by -4.
 -4(w +1)/(-4) = -24/(-4) . . . . . we have indicated the division we want to do
 w +1 = 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . here is the result of that division
Now, we can add the opposite of +1 to eliminate the constant from the left side. As with all operations on equations, we must do the same thing to both sides. This means we add -1 to both sides of the equation:
 w +1 -1 = 6 -1 . . . . . . we have indicated the addition we want to do
 w = 5 . . . . . . . . . . .  here is the result of that addition
The solution of the equation is ...
 w = 5
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Often, when parentheses are involved, the numbers are such that the solution method is not as simple as what we just did. In those cases, you would take the approach of eliminating parentheses first. For this equation, it looks like this:
 -4(w +1) = -24 . . . . . . . given
 -4w -4 = -24 . . . . . . . . use the distributive property to eliminate parentheses
We want the variable term by itself, so we need to eliminate the constant -4 that is added on the left. To do that, we add its opposite. This means we add +4 to both sides of the equation.
 -4w -4 +4 = -24 +4 . . . . . . indicating the addition of +4
 -4w = -20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . the result of adding +4
Here, w is multiplied by -4. We want w by itself, so we want to undo that multiplication. That means we want to divide both sides of the equation by -4.
 -4w/(-4) = -20/(-4) . . . . . . indicate the division
 w = 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the result of doing the division
The solution of the equation is ...
 w = 5
Our basic approach is to undo the operations done to the variable, in the reverse of the order in which they are done. In that process, we observe the rules of equality: whatever operation you do to one side of the equation must also be done to the other side. (My teacher called this last rule: "keep the equal sign sacred.")
You can always use the distributive property for factoring, collecting terms, or eliminating parentheses.
