Determine whether the statements in (a) and (b) are logically equivalent. a. Bob is a double math and computer science major and Ann is a math major, but Ann is not a double math and computer science major.
b. It is not the case that both Bob and Ann are double math and computer science majors, but it is the case that Ann is a math major and Bob is a double math and computer science major.

The two statements are logically equivalent.

Step-by-step explanation:

Let X be the statement that Bob is a double math and computer science major.

Y be the statement that Ann is a maths major.

Z be the statement that Ann is a double maths and computer science major.

The two statements written in terms of X, Y and Z now

a. Bob is a double math and computer science major and Ann is a math major, but Ann is not a double math and computer science major.

(x and y) and not z

b. It is not the case that both Bob and Ann are double math and computer science majors, but it is the case that Ann is a math major and Bob is a double math and computer science major.

not (x and z) and (x and y)

Noting that for logical statements,

Negation is represented by ~

And is represented by conjunction sign Λ

Or is represented by disjunction sign V

(x and y) and not z

(x Λ y) Λ (~z)

not (x and z) and (x and y)

~(x Λ z) Λ (x Λ y)

We can then simplify the second statement to obtain the first statement and prove the equivalence of both sides

~(x Λ z) Λ (x Λ y)

Using DE MORGAN'S theory, ~(x Λ z) = (~x) V (~z)

~(x Λ z) Λ (x Λ y) = ((~x) V (~z)) Λ (x Λ y)

Then applying the distributive law to the expression, we can open the bracket up

((~x) V (~z)) Λ (x Λ y)

= ((~x) Λ (x Λ y)) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

Opening the first bracket up further

((~x) Λ (x Λ y)) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

= ((~x) Λ x) Λ y) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

The NEGATION law shows that (~x Λ x) = c (where c is a negation law parameter for when two opposite statements are combined in this manner, it works like a 0 in operation)

((~x) Λ x) Λ y) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

= (c Λ y) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

But (c Λ y) = (y Λ c) = c (according to the UNIVERSALLY BOUND law, see how c works like a 0 now?)

(c Λ y) V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

= c V ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

= ((~z) Λ (x Λ y)) V c (commutative)

And one of the foremost IDENTITY laws is that (any statement) V c = c

((~z) Λ (x Λ y)) V c

= ((~z) Λ (x Λ y))

= (x Λ y) Λ (~z)

Which is the same as the first statement!

PROVED!!!

Hope this Helps!!!

step-by-step explanation:

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