Imagine I have a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. - If Student A picks a card, the odds that the card is one of the 4 Aces in the deck is 4 in 52, or 1 in 13.
- If the card is placed back in the deck and the deck is reshuffled, the odds that student B picks an Ace is also 1 in 13 - the events are
independent. The first has no effect on the second. That seems fairly obvious hopefully.
- If Student A KEEPS their card and shows everyone that it is a 2 (or anything other than an Ace), then the odds that student B picks the
Ace of Spades CHANGES to 4 in 51 - the events are dependent. The outcome of the first event changes the odds of the second event.
-- Likewise, if student A KEEPS their card and it is an Ace, the odds for Student B change to 3 in 51 or 1 in 17.
But what happens if Student A keeps their card WITHOUT revealing what it is? In the comments section, answer these focus
questions:
What are the odds that student B draws an Ace in this scenario drawing second, but having no knowledge of Student A's draw?
Are these 2 events (Student A draws an ace and Student B draws an Ace) independent or dependent? Justify your answer.