Recall our study of college students in which we investigated the relationship between gender and body piercing. The null hypothesis says that the two variables are independent. (There is no relationship.) Here is the data. Female Male Row Totals Pierced Yes 576 72 648 Pierced No 64 288 352 Column Totals 640 360 1000 What percentage of the sample is not pierced? What is the expected count of females who are not pierced?