Leona has a bag containing letter tiles. Which describes dependent events?

a) removing a vowel, not replacing it, and then removing another vowel

Step-by-step explanation:

This question is from the topic Probability. In Probability, a dependent event is one in which the outcome of one event alters or changes the outcome of another event. A classic example of this is seen when sampling without replacement is done. When sampling without replacement is done, the outcome of another event within the same set changes. When sampling with replacement is done, the outcome of the events are independent because every item in the population still has an equal chance of being chosen. However, in the case of sampling without replacement, once an item has been selected from a population, the outcome of every other event after it is altered based on the item that was initially chosen.

Let's assume that the bag has 26 tiles (one for each alphabet from a - z)

Population = 26, consonant = 21, vowel = 5

If a vowel or consonant is removed & is replaced, we have:

Pr (choosing "a") = number of item ÷ population

Pr = 1 ÷ 26 = 1/26

Pr (choosing "y") = 1 ÷ 26 = 1/26

Doing this for over & over again, produces the same probability

However, if an item was selected without replacement, we have:

Pr (choosing "a") = 1 ÷ 26 = 1/26

Without replacement implies that if I choose tile letter "a", tile letter "a" will not be included in subsequent events, hence:

Population = 25

Pr (choosing "u") = 1 ÷ 25 = 1/25

Without replacement, population = 24

Pr (choosing "y") = 1 ÷ 24 = 1/24

So, we see the dependent nature of the events in how that the outcome of the next event is being altered. As such, option a describes a dependent event & is the correct answer