An article reports the following values for soil heat flux of eight plots covered with coal dust.

36.5, 35.5, 36.5, 35.4, 36.7, 28.0, 18.8, 24.7

The mean soil heat flux for plots covered only with grass is 29.0. Assuming that the heat-flux distribution is approximately normal, does the data suggest that the coal dust is effective in increasing the mean heat flux over that for grass? Test the appropriate hypotheses using α = 0.05.

State the appropriate hypotheses.

A.) H0: μ = 29
B.) Ha: μ < 29 H0: μ = 29
C.) Ha: μ > 29 H0: μ ≠ 29
D.) Ha: μ = 29 H0: μ = 29
E.) Ha: μ ≠ 29

Calculate the test statistic and determine the P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to three decimal places.)

t =
P-value =
State the conclusion in the problem context.

Reject the null hypothesis. There is not sufficient evidence to conclude that there was an increase in mean heat flux.

Do not reject the null hypothesis. There is not sufficient evidence to conclude that there was an increase in mean heat flux.

Do not reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there was an increase in mean heat flux.

Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there was an increase in mean heat flux.