If now we have a nonlinear dynamical system dx/dt=f(x) and we use MC to evolve an ensemble of realizations x1,x2,...,xm in time, but we want to apply the filtering step of the Kalman filter (just KF, no EnKF) anyway when data y|x~N(Hx, R) is collected, what extra step(s) do we need compared to the standard KF for a linear system?

you didn't post any answer choices, so its not 100% clear what your teacher is looking for

however, log(15/7) is equivalent to log(15) - log(7)

i'm using the rule log(x/y) = log(x) - log(y)

there would only be 50 odd numbers between 1 and 100 so therefor there would be 50 even so that would only be 50 odd numbers.

can you post the graph?