A company operates two plants which manufacture the same item and whose total cost functions are and C₁ = 8.5 + 0.03 q₁² and C₂ = 5.2 + 0.04 q₂², where q₁ and q₂ are the quantities produced by each plant. The company is a monopoly. The total quantity demanded, q = q₁ + q₂, is related to the price, p, by p = 60 - 0.04 q. How much should each plant produce in order to maximize the company's profit?

Aresearch study is studying the effects of a new drug for osteoporosis alzheimer's disease (ad) for women above the age of 65 years. a group of individuals with osteoporosis is randomized into two groups. one group is treated conventionally, and the second group is treated with the new medication. assessments are made at 3, 6, 12, 36, and 48 months. the conventionally treated group is assessed for ad using a serum blood test, and the treatment group is assessed for ad using a pet radiotracer that binds to beta-amyloid plaques. in comparing these 2 trial arms, the authors of the study may encounter which type of bias? a. selection bias on the risk of developing b. measurement bias c. confounding bias d. recall bias e. lead-time bias