(a) By inspection, find a particular solution of y'' + 2y = 14. yp(x) = (b) By inspection, find a particular solution of y'' + 2y = −8x. yp(x) = (c) Find a particular solution of y'' + 2y = −8x + 14. yp(x) = (d) Find a particular solution of y'' + 2y = 16x + 7. yp(x) =

(a) The particular solution, y_p is 7

(b) y_p is -4x

(c) y_p is -4x + 7

(d) y_p is 8x + (7/2)

Step-by-step explanation:

To find a particular solution to a differential equation by inspection - is to assume a trial function that looks like the nonhomogeneous part of the differential equation.

(a) Given y'' + 2y = 14.

Because the nonhomogeneus part of the differential equation, 14 is a constant, our trial function will be a constant too.

Let A be our trial function:

We need our trial differential equation y''_p + 2y_p = 14

Now, we differentiate y_p = A twice, to obtain y'_p and y''_p that will be substituted into the differential equation.

y'_p = 0

y''_p = 0

Substitution into the trial differential equation, we have.

0 + 2A = 14

A = 6/2 = 7

Therefore, the particular solution, y_p = A is 7

(b) y'' + 2y = −8x

Let y_p = Ax + B

y'_p = A

y''_p = 0

0 + 2(Ax + B) = -8x

2Ax + 2B = -8x

By inspection,

2B = 0 => B = 0

2A = -8 => A = -8/2 = -4

The particular solution y_p = Ax + B

is -4x

(c) y'' + 2y = −8x + 14

Let y_p = Ax + B

y'_p = A

y''_p = 0

0 + 2(Ax + B) = -8x + 14

2Ax + 2B = -8x + 14

By inspection,

2B = 14 => B = 14/2 = 7

2A = -8 => A = -8/2 = -4

The particular solution y_p = Ax + B

is -4x + 7

(d) Find a particular solution of y'' + 2y = 16x + 7

Let y_p = Ax + B

y'_p = A

y''_p = 0

0 + 2(Ax + B) = 16x + 7

2Ax + 2B = 16x + 7

By inspection,

2B = 7 => B = 7/2

2A = 16 => A = 16/2 = 8

The particular solution y_p = Ax + B

is 8x + (7/2)

4a. is 3 miles every hour

4b. is 1/3 of an hour per mile

step-by-step explanation: