Suppose you have a binary randomized controlled experiment designed to measure the causal effect of X on Y. Let the control group be identified by X = 0 and the treatment group by X= 1.

The differences–of–means estimator, denoted by E(Y∣X=1)−E(Y∣X=0), is an estimator of the causal effect of X on Y because the

differences–of–means estimator estimates:

A.

the change in the expectation of Y as result of an observation being in the treatment group as opposed to the control group.

B.

the expectation of Y for observations within the control group.

C.

the expectation of Y for observations within the treatment group.

D.

All of the above.

no this is a nonlinear negative

its c or d   take a lucky guess my dude

or

step-by-step explanation:

we need to solve for 'x' the following equation:  

we have that:

⇒

⇒ ⇒

factorizing, we get that:

  ⇒

then, the solutions are: or

nothing extraneous has been found!

given : the shape of his satellite can be modeled by   where x and y are modeled in inches.

now,the given equation   is a equation of parabola.

here, coefficient of x is positive, hence the parabola opens rightwards.

on comparing this equation with standard equation , we get

in standard equation, coordinates of focus=(0,m)

thus for given equation coordinates of focus=(0,1.5)

step-by-step explanation: