Which phrase best describes the association between variables x and y?

perfect negative association

moderate negative association

perfect positive association

moderate positive association

"moderate positive association"

Step-by-step explanation:

Variable X is given in the x-axis and Variable Y is given in the y-axis

We say both variables have "positive" correlation when one increases and the other increases as well (and vice versa).

We say both variables have "negative" correlation when one increases and the other decreases (and vice versa).

When we move towards right in the x-direction, if y values (points) increase as well, so that is positive correlation.

Now, Looking at the graph, as we move right, we see that the points (mostly) increase in y-axis as well, so definitely there is POSITIVE CORRELATION.

But are they perfect or moderate??

A perfect correlation would be a line with slope very close to 1 or 1. X values would match y values. There is a moderate positive correlation when the slope would be a little less (maybe less than 0.8).

Looking again at the graph, we certainly can say that the points are not PERFECTLY POSITIVELY CORRELATED, so that would be a "moderate positive association/correlation".

The last answer choice is right.

for the points

step-by-step explanation:

introduction, methodology, results, discussion

step-by-step explanation:

an observational study is one which consists of actual observation to record data and then analyse the data.

there are a number of factors that should be analyzed before starting an observational study.

the main four factors are:

i) introduction:   this should be analysed to check whether the purpose of the study is correctly established and the data recorded are appropriate for the study

methodology:   the method of collecting the data, such as whether randomly selected, and whether sample size matches with the population to be studied, whether questions asked are easy to answer by common men, etc.

results: then results such as summary of data with comments should be studied thoroughly

discussion:   the last is the discussion, this can be either by management people or persons who are all interested , etc.