Astudy of 138 penalty shots in world cup finals games between 1982 and 1994 found that the goalkeeper correctly guessed the direction of the kick only 41% of the time. the article notes that this is "slightly worse than random chance." we use these data as a sample of all world cup penalty shots ever. test at a 5% significance level to see whether there is evidence that the percent guessed correctly is less than 50%. the sample size is large enough to use the normal distribution. the standard error from a randomization distribution under the null hypothesis is se = 0.043. let p represent the proportion of all world cup penalty kicks for which the goalkeeper correctly guesses the direction of the kick.

a. state hypotheses in terms of a single proportion p.

b. write the value of the sample statistic, using correct notation. use the sample statistic and the standard error provided to calculate a z-statistic. show your calculation.

Design an er diagram for keeping track of information about votes taken in the u.s. house of representatives during the current two-year congressional session. the database needs to keep track of each u.s. state's name (e.g., texas', new york', california') and include the region of the state (whose domain is {northeast', midwest', southeast', southwest', west'}). each congress person in the house of representatives is described by his or her name, plus the district represented, the start date when the congressperson was first elected, and the political party to which he or she belongs (whose domain is {republican', democrat', 'independent', other'}). the database keeps track of each bill (i.e., proposed law), including the bill name, the date of vote on the bill, whether the bill passed or failed (whose domain is {yes', no'}), and the sponsor (the congressperson(s) who sponsored - that is, proposed - the bill). the database also keeps track of how each congressperson voted on each bill (domain of vote attribute is {yes', no', abstain', absent'}). additional information: