Avandia is a drug used to treat diabetes, but it may cause an increase in heart attacks among a population that is already susceptible. a large study found that out of 1,456 diabetics who were treated with avandia, 27 of them had a heart attack during the study period. this was compared with 41 heart attacks among a group of 2,895 participants who were given other treatments for their diabetes.
the researchers want to determine if there is evidence to suggest that there is a significant increase in the proportion of people who suffer heart attacks when using avandia compared to the other treatments.

a. are these proportions from matched-pairs data?

b. what is the result of the appropriate hypothesis test, using the α = .05 level of significance?

c. interpret the results of the test you conducted in question b.

d. construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference in the true proportion of heart attacks for patients on avandia versus other treatments.