Let p (x, y) be the statement "student x has taken class y," where the domain for x consists of all students in your class and for y consists of all computer science courses at your school. express each of these quantifications in english.
a) ∃x∃yp (x, y)
b) ∃x∀yp (x, y)
c) ∀x∃yp (x, y)
d) ∃y∀xp (x, y)
e) ∀y∃xp (x, y)
f) ∀x∀yp (x, y)

Hello mate!

we know that p(x,y) means "Student x has taken class y"

and the used symbols are:  

∃: this means "existence", you use this symbol to say that there exists at least one object that makes true the sentence.

∀: this means "for all", you use this symbol to say that the sentence is true for all the elements, then:

a) ∃x∃yP (x, y)

"exist at least one student x, that took at least one class y"

b) ∃x∀yP (x, y)

"exist at least one student x, that took all the classes y"

c) ∀x∃yP (x, y)

"every student x, took at least one class y"

d) ∃y∀xP (x, y)

"exist at least one class y, that has been taken by all the students x"

e) ∀y∃xP (x, y)

"for every class y, there is at least one student x that took the class"

f) ∀x∀yP (x, y)

"all the students x took all the classes y"

plants store their excess carbohydrate in the form of starch so that it could be used as energy source later on. the excess carbohydrate is converted into starch in the plastid i.e. chloroplast & this process occurs in the presence of sunlight. it is an insoluble polymer of glucose which gets stored in cell organelles named as amyloplasts. in some plants, starch is also stored in roots and embryos.

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step-by-step explanation: