Consider the random walk with drift model xt = d + + wt, for t = 1, 2, . . , with x0 = 0, where wt is white noise with variance s2w . (a) show that the model can be written as xt = dt + åt k=1 wk. (b) find the mean function and the autocovariance function of xt. (c) argue that xt is not stationary. (d) show rx(t 1, t) = q t ! 1 as t ! ¥. what is the implication of this result? (e) suggest a transformation to make the series stationary, and prove that the transformed series is stationary. 2.6. would you treat the global temperature

good job you smart son of a gun you are smarter that einstein. 7

answer: yard ramps with a level off platform are typically 36 feet long. truck, rather than at an angle, enabling access to those pallets at the very back of the truck. if you are using your yard ramp to convert a loading dock into a drive-in door, we even at 60 inches (5 feet) high and a 30 foot ramp, the slope of the ramp will be less

step-by-step explanation:

i think it's eleven too, don't woosh me here, but according to the "experts" it's 2.

the proof starts from the peano postulates, which define the natural

numbers n. n is the smallest set satisfying these postulates:

  p1.   1 is in n.

  p2.   if x is in n, then its "successor" x' is in n.

  p3.   there is no x such that x' = 1.

  p4.   if x isn't 1, then there is a y in n such that y' = x.

  p5.   if s is a subset of n, 1 is in s, and the implication

      (x in s => x' in s) holds, then s = n.

then you have to define addition recursively:

  def: let a and b be in n. if b = 1, then define a + b = a'

      (using p1 and p2). if b isn't 1, then let c' = b, with c in n

      (using p4), and define a + b = (a + c)'.

then you have to define 2:

  def:   2 = 1'

2 is in n by p1, p2, and the definition of 2.

theorem:   1 + 1 = 2

proof: use the first part of the definition of + with a = b = 1.

      then 1 + 1 = 1' = 2   q.e.d.

note: there is an alternate formulation of the peano postulates which

replaces 1 with 0 in p1, p3, p4, and p5. then you have to change the

definition of addition to this:

  def: let a and b be in n. if b = 0, then define a + b = a.

      if b isn't 0, then let c' = b, with c in n, and define

      a + b = (a + c)'.

you also have to define 1 = 0', and 2 = 1'. then the proof of the

theorem above is a little different:

proof: use the second part of the definition of + first:

      1 + 1 = (1 + 0)'

      now use the first part of the definition of + on the sum in

      parentheses:   1 + 1 = (1)' = 1' = 2   q.e.d.