Shortly before the 1932 presidential election, a national magazine conducted a telephone survey of voters. based on the results of the survey, the magazine predicted that herbert hoover (republican) would beat franklin roosevelt (democrat) by a landslide. in fact, exactly the opposite happened. the trouble with the survey was that in the depression era, only the rich could afford phones. plus, wealthy people were more likely to vote republican than democrat. this is a classic example of an error in which phase of inferential statistics?