What are the associative, commutative, and identity properties of multiplication and addition?

There are four mathematical properties which involve addition. The properties are the commutative, associative, additive identity and distributive properties. Additive Identity Property: The sum of any number and zero is the original number. For example 5 + 0 = 5.

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wholesale price is the initial price before markup. retail price comes after the markup.

a price of 8 bucks that's marked up by 100%   is

formula: initial price + (percent markup in fraction/decimal)(initial price)

8+(1)(8)

8+8

16

retail price is $16.