The graph shows a vertical translation of y = . what is the range of the translated function?

What is the graph? nobody would be able to tell because if it is a tan/cotan, linear or cubic/quintic graph, range is infinite.

if it is a radical or absolute value or quadratic/quartic/sextic function, it goes in one direction infinitely

for sin/cos range is (-1, 1), adjusted to y= translation vector

for sec/csc, range is [-inf,-1)(1, inf), adjusted to y= translation vector of course

there are some functions that are fractions of binomials that can't have certain y values. (5x+5)/(x+4) has no y result at 4

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