When the supreme court makes a ruling on a case that serves to interpret a law passed by congress, it is an example of

Checks and balance

Explanation:

By using "Checks and balance" the Federal government can control the power and it basically included three main branches that are:

The above given branches can check the other branch power to ensure that the power are balanced between each of the branches. The "check and balance" is the main fundamental principle of the government which measure the influence between the each branch.