Which identifies the effect of the pact of steel? a. it gave italian forces the military surplus needed to invade north africa. b. it formed an early alliance between the axis powers of germany and italy. c. it great britain and france receive aid from the united states. d. it promoted attacks on poland by germany and the soviet union.

While the Pact of Steel—formally known as the Pact of Friendship—is initially conceptualized as an alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan, there are issues with getting Japan on board. Japan wants to focus the agreement against the Soviet Union, however, Germany and Italy have plans to attack France and Great Britain. With no headway being made to include Japan on its terms, Japan is removed from the alliance. so all in all your answer should be ¨B¨

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