The first period of art during the middle ages was known as this.

The Middle Ages in Europe saw a decrease in prosperity, stability, and population in the first centuries of the period—to about 800 AD, and then a fairly steady and general increase until the massive setback of the Black Death around 1350, which is estimated to have killed at least a third of the overall populationin Europe, ...

Well since there aren't any choices i dont know if this is right but nationalism played an important role in the unification of both italy and germany i do believe