What was the north atlantic treaty organization also known as nato? a. an economic union between the western capitalist countries b. an alliance of western europe, the united states and canada for mutual self defense c. an alliance of the soviet union and their satellite nations for mutual self defense d. a treaty that ended the cold war

 B. An alliance of Western Europe, the United States, and Canada for mutual self-defense.

Details:

After World War II, as the Cold War began, the the Soviet Union had shown that it wanted to expand its area of control in Eastern Europe.  In response, the United States, along with Canada, joined with ten European countries in signing the North Atlantic Treaty in 1949.  This created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which was a defensive military alliance of democratic states over against the expanding threat of communism felt in the Cold War environment.  The ten original Western European members of NATO were the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Italy, Iceland, and Luxembourg.

NATO still exists today.  Here's the current full list of NATO member states (in alphabetical order):  Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States.

b. major john c. frémont led a rebellion called the bear flag revolt.

explanation:

during the bear flag revolt, from june to july 1846, a small group of american settlers in california rebelled against the mexican government and proclaimed california an independent republic. the republic was short-lived because soon after the bear flag was raised, the u.s. military began occupying california, which went on to join the union in 1850. the bear flag became the official state flag in 1911.