How did southern states laws under reconstruction affect freed enslaved persons

Most people would say hurray and hosannah. Unfortunately it did not really turn out that way. They were not owned. Their employers had no reason to keep them healthy: they could easily be replaced. They were poor often times at the mercy of their employers even in the north. No provision was made for their safety. And they still couldn't vote (at first), nor could they have state or federal congressional membership at first. 

If you think this is a good answer, could you give me a or at least tell me how you could if you wanted to.