Increases in trade and commerce that occurred
during the late middle ages in europe resulted
in
(1) lower living standards for guild members
(2) the development of more towns and cities
(3) a decline in rivalries between kings
(4) an increase in the number of self-sufficient
manors

Answer;

-The development of more towns and cities

Explanation;

Increases in trade and commerce that occurred during the late Middle Ages in Europe resulted in the development of more towns and cities. Increase in trade helped enlarge towns and cities in Europe because it gave the towns and cities an economic base upon which to grow.

Middle Ages was a period of time between end of the Roman empire and modern history also known as the DARK AGES

the safahids used force when persuasion to convert from being a sunni muslim to embrace shi'ism was not effective. they also persecute shi'ites who have different views from their imposed teachings.