Aweakness of all of the muslim empire, including the ottomans, the mughals, and the safavids, was that they all were focused on land acquisition and did not develop their navies in order to control the seas.

the answer is migration

i confess that there are several parts of this constitution which i do not at present approve, but i am not sure i shall never approve them: for having lived long, i have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration, to change opinions even on important subjects, which i once thought right, but found to be otherwise. it is therefore that the older i grow, the more apt i am to doubt my own judgment, and to pay more respect to the judgment of others.