What is the political term for an independent group of people living on a defined territory with an organized government

The political term could be State or province of the defined territory with the organized government.

Opposition to the nra came to a head in 1935, when the conservative supreme court declared the agency unconstitutional, claiming the nra gave the executive branch regulatory powers that belonged exclusively to congress. this decision began a series of court decisions that overturned key elements of the new deal.