Andrew jackson argues that the constitution of the united states formed a "government" and not a "league". what is the difference between them? what does this difference make the action of south carolina's ordinance an "offense" that the federal government can punish "by the law of self defense"?

A league is constituted of several independent nations that have joined for mutual purposes (usually mutual defense), however the nations within the league generally still maintain authority over their own policy, international relations, and economies. In a government, any states or provinces within it must follow it's directives, as it is the final authority and supreme law maker and enforcer. Since the United States, as Jackson argued, was a government, it was illegal for South Carolina to violate a law of the Federal Government, and as such Jackson was free to force South Carolina to comply.

Yes, some people used the depression to the max. not everybody had stocks, and those that didn't bought many things inexpensive, so that when prices rose again, they were much more richer than beforehope this