The english document that laid the groundwork for judges in the us to rule based on precedent is known as the what?

That document is known as "The Commentaries on the Laws of England".

Sir William Blackstone's work was published in four volumes between 1765 and 1769. It served as the fundamental guideline for common law in the United States during the pre-revolutionary era. It laid down the principles concerning the rights of persons, rights of things, private wrongs, and public wrongs.

Blackstone's interpretations also made common law readable to the average person for the first time.

Hope this helps!

checks and balances are needed to keep the government running smoothly, they allow the three branches of government to overrule one another so that one branch of government does not become too powerful.

i believe it would be capitalism