How did the popes move to avignon and the establishment of rival popes encourage reformers?

Use this excerpt from the corpus luris civilis (justinian's law code) to answer the following question: with the aid of god governing our empire, which was delivered to us by his celestial majesty, we carry on war successfully. we ador peace and maintain the constitution of the state, and have such confidence in the protection of almighty god that we do not depend upon our arms, or upon our soldiers, or upon those who conduct our wars, or upon our own genlus, but we solely place our reliance upon the providence of the holy trinity, from which are derived the elements of the entire world and their disposition throughout the globe. --public domain from this excerpt of the prologue of the corpus luris civilis, what departure from older roman traditions is clear? the laws show that the empire has developed a bureaucracy that makes normal soldering unnecessary. the law now honors christianity as a central part of the empire's existence. the law explains that the roman empire is using war to spread roman ideas. the law has replaced old social class divisions with an egalitarian church,

The house of burgesses was the first a. act of religious toleration in english history. b. elected representative government in the new world. c. place where businessmen could buy and sell stocks in america. d. puritan equivalent of the house of david.

How is an objective summary different from an argumentative essay? o a. a summary should remain neutral, but an argumentative essay should promote a certain viewpoint. o b. a summary should use direct quotations, but an argumentative essay should paraphrase evidence. o c. a summary should include a works-cited list, but an argumentative essay should not cite others' work. o d. a summary should focus on a thesis, but an argumentative essay should address many different topics.