Taken literally what did the term lay investiture mean to medieval christans in the 11th century

To medieval Christians in the eleventh century, the term lay investiture literally refers to the practice of appointing a bishop or abbot and dressing him with the symbols of his office. A bishop usually heads a Diocese (Churches and monasteries with a large area), whereas an Abbot is the head monk in a monastery.

john maynard keynes developed new economic theories in response to the stock market crash of 1929. great depression of the 1930s. first and second world wars. economic boom of the 1950s.

hernan cortes;

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