How did the charles river bridge v. warren bridge decision affect the access to corporate charters prevalent in jefferson's time?

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

doat means to cherish based on the key word fancying and that it is a living thing