One of the first major effects of imperialism was the transfer of to the rest of the world.

One of the first major effects of imperialism was the transfer of the State to the rest of the world.

Explanation:

When a country colonized and controlled another one, its power is transferred to people who represent the laws and desires of the mother country. The powers and influence of the state are introduced to the colonized country, and the populations living there are always been remembered that they are under control of that specific country.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

it foreshadows the theme of the paragraph and hints the topic that will be discussed in the paragraph!