The founders needed to create a unified nation from thirteen independent states while protecting the individual citizens from an all-powerful

Liberties, the rights that are given to each individual.National Government, the central government was not given all the power, it was distributed between the central and state government. This allowed for liberties of individuals to be protected within states and also the governments shared powers so the National Government wasn't the all-powerful. 

Bbecause the jim crow laws were made to make voting difficult for african americans