The telegraph stretched across u. s. and china from the east coast to the west coast of the u. s. the north and south of the u. s. u. s. and england !

It's actually U.S. and England.

The question isn't very clear, but it is referencing the transatlantic cable which goes from England to North U.S.

an expansion is one of two basic business cycle phases; the other is contraction. the transition from expansion to contraction is a peak, and the changeover from contraction to expansion is a trough.

the united states began searching for a way to reduce oil

-agarvated