In England in the 18th century, when men on prison hulks had done all of the local project repairs that were needed, what happened to them? They were released because that paid their debt.

They were sent to penitentiaries, locked up to think about what they’d done.

They were shipped to Australia and America to work on projects there.

They were allowed to spend time at home with their families.

chemicals that are toxic to plants

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]