When did the European slave trade out of Africa arise and expand a. when the west coast of Africa was conquered by the Europeans.
b. when gold was discovered in Iberia creating the need for a labor force.
c. when slave markets in the Muslim world were supplied by Europeans
d. when surgar plantations were established on Atlantic islands and in Americas

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.

answer:

won re-nomination with no opposition he also had the support of his party

explanation:

it saw incumbent president andrew jackson, candidate of the democratic party, defeat henry clay, candidate of the national republican party. jackson won re-nomination with no opposition, and the 1832 democratic national convention replaced vice president john c. calhoun with martin van buren.