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b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

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the answer as multiple choice is c

africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the mediterranean sea, the red sea, the indian ocean, and the atlantic ocean. it is divided in half almost equally by the equator. the continent includes the islands of cape verde, madagascar, mauritius, seychelles, and comoros.

africa’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.

the origin of the name “africa” is greatly disputed by scholars. most believe it stems from words used by the phoenicians, greeks, and romans. important words include the egyptian word afru-ika, meaning “motherland”; the greek word aphrike, meaning “without cold”; and the latin word aprica, meaning “sunny.”

today, africa is home to more countries than any other continent in the world. these countries are: morocco, western sahara (morocco), algeria, tunisia, libya, egypt, sudan, chad, niger, mali, mauritania, senegal, the gambia, guinea-bissau, guinea, sierra leone, liberia, côte d’ivoire, ghana, burkina faso, togo, benin, nigeria, cameroon, central africa republic, equatorial guinea, gabon, congo, democratic republic of the congo, angola, namibia, botswana, south africa, lesotho, swaziland, mozambique, zimbabwe, zambia, malawi, tanzania, rwanda, burundi, uganda, kenya, somalia, ethiopia, djibouti, eritrea and the island countries of cape verde, madagascar, mauritius, seychelles, and comoros.

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african american women made meaningful gains in the labor force and us armed forces as a result of the wartime labor shortage during the second world war, but these advances were sharply circumscribed by racial segregation, which was legal in all parts of the country, and virulent racism in the dominant culture. president franklin roosevelt’s signing of executive order 8802 in 1941 banned race discrimination in defense industries and civil service jobs. it was rarely enforced, however, and mostly ignored by employers until they were forced to hire nonwhites by exhaustion of the white labor supply. even then, war industries often filled their most menial and dangerous positions with black employees, frequently on night shifts and in janitorial slots. african american women suffered both racial and gender discrimination, so they had to fight very hard even to enter skilled spots on the production line in aircraft, shipyard work, and other well-paying war industries.

entrenched racist attitudes on the part of white employers and coworkers in the nation’s war-production centers hindered black women’s ability to gain employment in these unionized blue-collar jobs. when black people did get hired, they often were forced to use separate restrooms and to perform the lowest paid, most difficult work. sometimes their employment triggered hate strikes, which erupted periodically over the war, when white workers walked off the job over promotion or hiring of african americans into previously restricted departments and occupation categories. in 1943, for example, a baltimore western electric plant was forced to build separate toilet facilities for white and black workers when white women demanded them. barred from most service occupations like telephone operator, clerical worker (other than federal offices in washington, dc), or waitress at white restaurants, black women mainly found war jobs in dangerous industries such as munitions plants.

african american women

the difficulty for black women entering skilled production areas, retail and other service work, or transportation jobs during the 1940s is mirrored in their continuing dominance of the private market for maids. although during the war, the proportion of african american women who were working in domestic service fell dramatically, from 60 to 44 percent, domestic employment remained their primary occupation category throughout the war. even in the military, which they did enter as a support for black male soldiers in the segregated armed forces, black women had trouble escaping low-skilled assignments, and they were not allowed to take combat roles. six african american wacs, for example, were court-martialed at fort devens, massachusetts, when they refused to take custodial assignments. in her memoir of being the first african american to join the women’s army corps, charity adams earley mentions the common army practice of dividing into "white" and "colored" the jobs wacs were given, with the latter being menial and

japans americans

japanese americans in military during world war ii in world war ii for its size and length of service, japanese americans served in the u.s. armed to nisei veterans in general—"most of the others did extremely well in their work and lives.

explanation:

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