How did trade benefit both the Muslim Caliphate and the Catholic Monarchs?

What does the document of the birtish octopus is an uderlying cause of the world war 1

Write three paragraphs on why the us should not have annexed the philippines

Plz ! after the first battle of bull run general ivan mc dowell was removed from command of the union army he was replaced by a. general ulysses s. grant. b. general george mcclellan. c. general robert e lee. d. general george meade.