The historical circumstances that led to the historical development depicted in the map.

for starters, there is the structural trend of rising primary government expenditure as a share of gdp, which reached 36% in 2014, up from 22% in 1991. this increase reflected a political desire to address the poverty and inequality that had gone unaddressed during previous decades. to support the increase, brazil’s government increased taxes on consumption and promoted progress toward labor-market formalization. nonetheless, public investment, particularly in infrastructure, took a hit. in fact, with the exception of the 2005-2008 period, total investment as a share of gdp has remained below 20% since 1991.

answer; andrew jackson approved nullification by signing it into law,and john calhoun opposed it saying it was unconstitutional;

was found at b)south carolina

darwinism is survival of the fittest there for social darwinism is the survival of the wealthiest