PHOENIX, Sept. 20, 2012—Arizona's new immigration law takes effect this week. According to the law, police officers must check the status of anyone who may be an undocumented immigrant. Officers have the right to decide who is checked under this law. Which argument would an opponent of this law use to show that the law is unjustified?

All citizens are entitled to due process of law under the Ninth Amendment.
The First Amendment permits freedom of assembly by all people, including immigrants.
These checks may be considered unreasonable searches under the Fourth Amendment.
The U. S. Constitution sets up a process for immigrants to establish citizenship.