PLEASE HELP! 1. Explain how geography and cultural diffusion affected the development of the River Valley Civilizations.

2. Explain how writing systems such as cuneiform and the alphabet developed and explain their importance to societies at the time and to our understanding of these societies today.

3. For each religions/philosophies below explain their impact on cultures during ancient times and how they are still impacting the world today.
Judaism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism

1st amendment: freedom of speech, religion, petition, press, and assembly

2nd: right to bear arms

3rd: quartering of soldiers

4th: search and seizure

social contract theory basically says that all individuals are born equal, and provided a god given right to consent to be governed. american government is based of this

thomas hobbes and john locke said that we are selfish, individualistic, and constantly at war with each other, therefore we need to be controlled. 

government is defined as the legitimate use of force to control human behavior within territorial boundaries, here comes in hobbes and locke.

hobbes takes the part about controlling human behavior. while locke takes the part of legitimate use of force, since force is not legitimate unless there is consent of the people. 

there are basically 3 goals of the government: 1) maintain order by protecting life and property. 2) providing public goods, those which are typically not provided by the public sector, such as roads and education. 3) promote equality be it political, opportunist or outcome equality.