What did the Byzantine Empire struggle with just before the powerful rise of the Ottoman Empire?

Secretary of state kissinger engaged in to reach a cease-fire between israel and arab nations.

Read the excerpt below and answer the question. obierika was a man who thought about things. when the will of the goddess had been done, he sat down in his obi and mourned his friend’s calamity. why should a man suffer so grievously for an offense he had committed inadvertently? (p. 125) based on the context clues, the best definition for the word “calamity” in the excerpt above is disaster sadness luck indifference

Which expression is equivalent to (fg)(5)