Against what group of people did Pope Urban II declare the Crusades? A. heretics
B. Jews
C. Muslims
D. renegades

C. Muslims

Explanation:

After the death of The Prophet, Muslims spread out of Arabia and began to conquer territory under the his successors. Eventually the Umayyad Caliphate captured a lot of territory in the Middle East from the Byzantine empire which was a Christian empire.

In response, Pope Urban II declared the Crusades in an effort to save the Byzantine Empire against the Muslims and also to retrieve the Holy Land of Israel and Jerusalem from the Muslims.

idk

explanation:

while it was true that the cotton gin reduced the labor of removing seeds, it did not reduce the need for slaves to grow and pick the cotton.

explanation:

before eli whitney's invention of the cotton gin, picking and cleaning cotton was a slow, labor-intensive job. workers, usually slaves, had to pick the seeds from the cotton fibers by hand. this invention made it possible to grow large amounts of cotton on big farms and make money.