The world wars, global Great Depression, and racialized actions
against groups of people, such as
the Holocaust, in the twentieth
century don't have anything to do
with the trends and movements of
the previous two centuries.

It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful

The american civil war