Discussion Topic In the early Middle Ages, civilizations in Europe began to expand. Are there certain
characteristics about a civilization that make it more likely to expand?
Recall that as civilizations expand, their expansion can lead to conflict. Do you think
expansion always leads to conflict? Why or why not?

The political cartoon below was drawn by thomas nast in 1871: a political cartoon shows a heavy set man with a long nose and a beard in a suit and vest. he is smoking a cigar and has a menacing expression. he leans against a large box that says, in counting there is strength. on top of that box is a smaller container labeled, the ballot. dialogue under the cartoon reads, thats whats the matter. boss tweed, as long as i count the votes, what are you going to do about it? say? public domain what issue does this cartoon address?