The American Chestnut, once one of the most prominent trees in American forests, has decreased in the last 100 years due to an infection by a microscopic fungal pathogen, Cryphonectria parasitica. This parasitic fungus was introduced from a variety of Japanese Chestnut that was brought to the United States over 100 years ago. A research group studied some chestnut trees in the national parks around the Washington DC area. The data are summarized in the table above. What best summarizes the phenomenon seen in the data? A) The fungal pathogen has been eradicated and the trees are returning to their normal prominence in the ecosystem. B) The trees have developed resistance to the fungal pathogen and are recovering and growing at a faster rate than before the infection. C) The fungal pathogen and the trees are adapting to each other to form a mutualistic relationship within the ecosystems around Washington DC. D) The fungal pathogen is still infecting trees in the Washington DC area preventing most of them from achieving maximum height and reproductive capacity.

For this unit assessment you will create a “mind map” to demonstrate your understanding of the material. what is a mind map? mind maps present information visually through the use of text and images. they have the following common elements: the central image and subject/title is located in the center of the map. use a pictogram or visual representation of the central topic along with the wording. detailed themes, ideas or concepts radiate out from the central idea. ideas clearly connect to central image and ideas consistently and accurately shift from broad scope to specific details. visuals and color clarify the information presented. words identify main ideas or concepts. be concise with the choice of words for your map. write single words or simple phrases. a mind map is clear and easy to follow. your mind map will answer the question: how have elements included in persia, decolonization and the cold war affected the development of the democratic republic of the congo and why does it matter today? your mind map will have four main branches from the central image/title. these branches include three of the persia categories, plus decolonization/cold war. choose three from the list below • politics • society • economy • intellectual - includes science, innovation, art • religion • area = geography and add decolonization/cold war requirements: at least 3 sub-branches (ideas) from each category; include as many sub-sub branches or paths as possible. the paths themselves can be designed in any manner, be creative and have fun, but remember to make your paths clear. include small illustrations – each main branch should have at least three small visuals/symbols/illustrations. prefer hand-drawn but could be a copied image use colored pencils for illustrations and if time, outline wording in fine black pen your mind map should fill the whole page. orient your paper using a landscape format. lastly - why does it matter? include a response to this part of the course essential question. it’s all about the content and showing me what you’ve learned. the more detailed information you can include, the better.