China was ruled for centuries by

The ancient China era was c. 1600–221 BC.

The imperial era was 221 BC – 1912 AD, from China's unification under Qin rule until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China era was from 1912 until 1949, and the modern China era from 1949 until the present day.

Explanation:

Hope this helps UwU

the enslaved people onboard suffered from illness with some frequency

the roman empire began to fall