Describe the differences between american system of government and the divine right of kings?

The main difference between American system of government and the Divine Rights of Kings is the absolute power which in the case of Divine Right kings hold, none is allowed to criticize them or find fault with any of his decision while in the American system of Government people have the right to criticize, object and even at times question the authority of a ruler.

your list doesn't mention any of them at all.

and what does "these" mean anyway ?

the hereditary right of a monarch to rule from the mandate of heaven