Which was not a general problem facing african nations upon gaining independence from european colonial rule?

The best answer would be:

The lack of natural resources

Resources in their country was not a problem in the process of gaining independence, Europe had confidence that they would proper independently. Because of their innovative resources and how they are able to use it. 

judaism, christianity and islam, are all abrahamic religions and therefore have in common the hebrew idea of a single god which is the source of all morality. the idea of the covenant is only related to judaism, while dharma is a concept of indian religions and the four noble truths are basic principles of buddhism.